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A nonpartisan blanket primary is a primary election in which all candidates for the same elected office, regardless of respective political party, run against each other at once, instead of being segregated by political party. It is also known as a jungle primary,〔Joe Klein. ("California’s New Jungle Primary System". ) ''Time''. 15 May 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2014.〕〔Bruce Walker. ("The Impact of Senate Jungle Elections". ) ''American Thinker''. 31 October 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2014.〕 qualifying primary, top-two primary or Louisiana primary. Under this system, the candidates receiving the most and second-most votes become the contestants in the general election—as in a runoff election, in a two-round system. (In some cases, this second round of voting is only necessary if no candidate receives an overall majority on the initial ballot.) However, there is no separate party nomination process for candidates before the first round, and political parties are not allowed to whittle-down the field using their own internal processes (e.g., party primaries or conventions). Therefore, it is entirely possible that two candidates of the ''same'' political party could advance to the general/run-off. ==Candidate party preference and ballot disclaimer== Because voters can vote in the first round for a candidate from any political party, the nonpartisan blanket primary has been compared to the original blanket primary which was used in Washington for nearly 65 years〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sos.wa.gov/elections/bp_history.aspx )〕 and briefly in California. The blanket primary was ruled unconstitutional in 2000 by the US Supreme Court in ''California Democratic Party v. Jones'' because it required political parties to associate with candidates they did not endorse. The nonpartisan blanket primary disregards party preference in determining the two candidates to advance to the general election, and for that reason has been ruled ''facially'' constitutional by the Supreme Court in the 2008 decision ''Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party''.〔http://www.scotusblog.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/06-713.pdf〕 Chief Justice Roberts concurred in the 2008 decision, "If the ballot is designed in such a manner that no reasonable voter would believe that the candidates listed there are nominees or members of, or otherwise associated with, the parties the candidates claimed to “prefer,” the I–872 primary system would likely pass constitutional muster." Each candidate for partisan office can state a political party that he or she prefers. Ballots also must feature a disclaimer to voters that candidate's preference does not imply that the candidate is nominated or endorsed by the party or that the party approves of or associates with that candidate. Subsequent ''as applied challenges'' were struck down by lower courts, and on October 1, 2012, the US Supreme Court refused to hear appeals from Washington Libertarian Party and Washington State Democratic Party. The Washington State Republican Party had earlier dropped out of the appeal process. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nonpartisan blanket primary」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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